Pilot model of agroecological conversion in cocoa farms (Theobroma cacao L.) Associated with the National Confederation of Dominican Cacao Growers (CONACADO)

Cocoa production faces the challenge of balancing agricultural productivity with environmental sustainability, particularly within tropical agroforestry systems. The transition toward agroecological models is emerging as a strategic pathway to strengthen climate resilience, improve soil fertility, and conserve functional biodiversity. This study designed and implemented a pilot agroecological conversion model in 10 farms associated with the National Confederation of Dominican Cocoa Producers (CONACADO). The model integrated four main components: agroecological diagnosis, technical training for farmers, implementation of agroecological practices, and systematic monitoring of productive and environmental indicators. Data were collected using quantitative methods, including productivity measurements and soil fertility analysis, as well as qualitative methods that assessed farmers’ perceptions regarding the impact of the model. During the second year of implementation, cocoa productivity showed an average increase of 12 %, while soil organic matter content increased by 15 %, indicating significant improvements in soil quality. Additionally, a strengthening of functional biodiversity was observed, reflected in the presence of species associated with agroforestry dynamics. In terms of perception, 80 % of farmers reported tangible benefits, highlighting economic, social, and environmental improvements resulting from the adoption of agroecological practices. The results confirm the technical feasibility and multidimensional advantages of agroecological transition in cocoa farms, providing a replicable methodological framework that can be applied to other production units. This pilot model demonstrates that the integration of systematic monitoring tools with agroecological practices significantly contributes to environmental sustainability, productive resilience, and the social valorization of the cocoa sector in tropical contexts.